A system has a cache hit ratio of 90%. Cache access time is 5 ns and the additional time required to access main memory after a cache miss is 80 ns. Assuming the miss penalty is additional to cache access time, what is the average memory access time?

Options

  • A. 5 ns
  • B. 13 ns
  • C. 8 ns
  • D. More than one of the above
  • E. None of the above

Correct Answer (Detailed Explanation is Below)

B. 13 ns

Detailed Explanation

Correct Answer: 13 ns.

Explanation: Average access time = hit time + miss rate × miss penalty.
Hit rate: 90% = 0.9.
Miss rate: 1 - 0.9 = 0.1.
Calculation: 5 + (0.1 × 80) = 13 ns. The question defines the miss penalty as additional time after the cache access.
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BPSC TRE 4 operating system practice set 3

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